Sterol analysis for the authenticity of fats and oils

By Dr. Torben Küchler, Helge Dümmong, Eurofins Analytik GmbH, Hamburg

Along with the profile of fatty acids, triglycerides and tocopherols, the sterol profile is an important parameter to assess the identity and authenticity of fats and oils. In many cases, the individual sterol profile as well as the total content of sterols can determine the quality and marketability of fats and oils. For example, in the European Regulation (EEC) No 2568/91 limits are given for the total sterol content as well as the individual sterol distribution for different types of olive oils. Other guidelines such as the Codex Alimentarius or Pharmacopoeia regulate individual limits or ranges for sterol contents.

Many methods are used to determine the total amount of sterols and the individual distribution of various isomers. The standard methods are the ISO 12228:1999 and the method described in Regulation (EEC) 2568/91. Both methods are very time-consuming and require several hours of manpower. Furthermore, it is necessary to have well-trained staff to obtain reproducible results.

Eurofins now has a new method for the determination of the sterol profiles described in Codex Alimentarius and other compendia sources, as well as the total content of sterols using LC-GC-FID. This chromatographic technique combines the separative ability of HPLC and GC reducing the necessity for complex sample preparation steps. With this method the analysis of sterols is largely automated. The main benefits are rapid analysis time, more reproducible results as well as a reduction of costs and hence price. A comparative study between the established international standard methods and the new LC-GC-FID method demonstrated that the results are comparable.

Eurofins recommends the new method for the analysis of the sterol profile as well as the total content of sterols. This method can be a valuable tool for assessing the identity and authenticity of fats and oils.

Contact: FatsandOils@eurofins.de